Gold has been shown to specifically promote collagen III production. Collagen III is found in fast growing tissue – especially in early stages of wound repair. It’s typically replaced later by type I collagen which is the most common type of collagen found in our bodies.

Early studies of gold nanoparticles have shown promising results as an ingredient carrier because of their ability to penetrate the skin physically, not chemically, and the nanoparticles can help ingredients stay in and on the skin longer, increasing the direct contact with the stratum corneum.

CoQ10 is a fat-soluble nutrient that is small enough to penetrate the skin’s barrier to provide antioxidant effects. CoQ10 can exist in three different oxidation states, and the ability in some forms to accept and donate electrons is a critical feature in its biochemical functions that cancel out free radical damage.

CoQ10 can increase a absorption of other essential nutrients. It’s been shown to help recycle vitamin C and vitamin E, further maximizing the effects of vitamins and antioxidants that are already at work in the body.

Contains low molecular weight amino acids for optimal absorption and utilization by the body.

As a humectant, glycerin works to moisturize the skin by drawing water from the air into the skin’s outer layer. It also forms a protective layer that helps prevent moisture loss.

Contains gentianin as well as tannin compounds which have a toning effect on the skin – promoting firmness.

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring polysaccharide (carbohydrate) in the human body that keeps skin plump and hydrated.

Kojic acid is made from several different types of fungi. It is safe for all Fitzpatrick types and promotes a brighter, more even skin tone.

High in linoleic acid, and safe for acneic skin, grapeseed oil has anti-inflammatory properties and contains the flavonoid oligomeric procyanidin which helps support collagen repair.

Reinforces antioxidant defense to protect skin against oxidative stress which improves skin radiance.

Blocks tyrosinase to effectively lighten discoloration and age spots on the skin. Tyrosinase controls the production of melanin in the body. When tyrosinase oxidizes, age spots and pigmentation occur in the skin.

Natural, non-encapsulated form of Vitamin A. Boosts collagen production to reduce wrinkles and prevent fine lines. Speeds cellular turnover to even discoloration and brighten skin tone. Unclogs pores making them smaller in appearance. Reduces acne.

Vitamin C is an essential part of skin health. It is a small molecular weight antioxidant that is easily absorbed by the skin. Vitamin C also promotes collagen synthesis. It is also an essential compound needed for adequate wound healing.

Sorbic Acid is derived from the berries of the mountain ash tree. Sorbic Acid is FDA approved and has received its GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) rating and is also CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review) approved as well. Kills microorganisms and prevents or slows their growth and reproduction.